宴会上的不速之客

1.Strobe Talbott,"Mikhail Gorbachev and George Bush:The Summit Goodfellas,"Time,August5,1991;"At Big Moment,Little Earpiece Fails,"New York Times,August1,1991.

2.George Bush and Brent Scowcroft,A World Transformed(New York,1998),514-515;"Toasts at a Dinner Hosted by President Bush in Moscow,31July1991,"Bush Presidential Library,Public Papers,http://bushlibrary.tamu.edu/research/public_papers.php?id=3256&year=1991&month=7.

3.Bush and Scowcroft,A World Transformed,510-514;Pavel Palazhchenko,My Years with Gorbachev and Shevardnadze:The Memoir of a Soviet Interpreter(University Park,PA,1997),305-306;"Dmitriy Timofeyevich Yazov,"The Trip of President Bush to Moscow and Kiev,July30-August1,1991,Bush Presidential Library.

4.Mikhail Gorbachev,Memoirs(New York,1995),624-625;Palazhchenko,My Years,300-301;Michael R.Beschloss and Strobe Talbott,At the Highest Levels:The Inside Story of the End of the Cold War(Boston,1993),413;Bush and Scowcroft,A World Transformed,512;Jack Matlock,Autopsy on an Empire:The American Ambassador's Account of the Collapse of the Soviet Union(NewYork,1994),564.

5.Gorbachev,Memoirs,624-625;Palazhchenko,My Years,300-301;Beschloss and Talbott,At the Highest Levels,413;Bush and Scowcroft,A World Transformed,512;Jerry Seib,"Pool Report no.11.Bush,Gorbachev-and Yeltsin-Go to Dinner.Moscow,USSR,Tuesday,July30,1991,”

Bush Presidential Library,Presidential Records,National Security Council,Nicholas R.Burns Files,Subject Files:Moscow Summit-Press Releases,Fact Sheets,Remarks,no.2;Matlock,Autopsy on an Empire,564.

6.关于叶利钦的传记，参见Timothy J.Colton,Yeltsin:A Life(New York,2008),and Leon Aron,Yeltsin:A Revolutionary Life(New York,2000).Cf.Boris Yeltsin,The Struggle for Russia,trans.Catherine A.Fitzpatrick(New York,1994).

7."Boris Nikolaevitch Yeltsin,"The Trip of President Bush to Moscow and Kiev,July30-August1,1991,Bush Presidential Library.

8.Colton,Yeltsin,183-184;Petr Aven and Al'fred Kokh,"El'tsin sluzhil nam!,"interview with Gennadii Burbulis,Forbes(Russian edition),July22,2010,http://www.forbes.ru/node/53407/print.9.Anatolii Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod.Dnevnik dvukh?pokh,1972-1991gody(Moscow,2008),862-863,968;Gorbachev,Memoirs,601-602.

10.Oleg Shenin,"Ot partii zhdut?nergichnykh deistvii,"draft of a speech delivered at a meeting of secretaries of republican,regional,and oblast committees,January24,1991,Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi arkhiv noveishei istorii(Russian State Archives of Recent History,hereafter RGANI),fond89,op.23,no.2,25-26.

11."TsK KPSS.Ob obstanovke v partiinoi organizatsii sovetskikh uchrezhdenii v g.Zheneva(Shveitsariia),"RGANI,fond89,op.20,no.23,1-6;Economic Survey of Europe,no.3(2003):125.

12.Mark R.Beissinger,Nationalist Mobilization and the Collapse of the Soviet State(Cambridge,2002),147-199.

13.Quoted in Edward W.Walker,Dissolution:Sovereignty and the Breakup of the Soviet Union(Lanham,MD,2003),88.

14.Soiuz mozhno bylo sokhranit'.Belaia kniga.Dokumenty i fakty o politike M.S.Gorbacheva po reformirovaniiu i sokhraneniiu mnogonatsional'nogo gosudarsta,2nd ed.(Moscow,2007),150-155;Yegor Likhachev,Inside Gorbachev's Kremlin(New York,1996);Archie Brown,The Gorbachev Factor(Oxford,1996);Archie Brown,Seven Years That Changed the World:Perestroika in Perspective(Oxford,2007).

15.V Politbiuro TsK KPSS po zapisiam Anatoliia Cherniaeva,Vadima Medvedeva,Georgiia Shakhnazarova(1985-1991)(Moscow,2000),499,529;Beissinger,Nationalist Mobilization,405.

16.Roman Szporluk,"Dilemmas of Russian Nationalism,"in Russia,Ukraine and the Breakup of the Soviet Union(Stanford,2000),183-228;Beissinger,Nationalist Mobilization,390-396,401-416;Walker,Dissolution,78-81.

17.Eduard Shevardnadze to James Baker,Moscow,January20,1991,James A.Baker Papers,box102,folder35.

18.Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod,862-863.

19.Gorbachev,Memoirs,326-347,569-607;Walker,Dissolution,55-136.

20.Szporluk,"Dilemmas of Russian Nationalism,"188-198;Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod,947,961;Valerii Boldin,Krushenie p'edestala.Shtrikhi k portretu M.S.Gorbacheva(Moscow,1995).

21.Soiuz mozhno bylo sokhranit',268-283.

22."President.USSR.Designated Gifts,"Bush Presidential Library,Presidential Records,Office of the First Lady,Scheduling,Ann Brock Series:Moscow Summit,Monday7/29/91to Thursday8/1/91-Moscow and Kiev,USSR[[3]].

23.Colton,Yeltsin,171-173;Boris Yeltsin,"Quotation of the Day,"New York Times,September11,1989.

24.Robert M.Gates,From the Shadows:The Ultimate Insider's Story of Five Presidents and How They Won the Cold War(New York,1996),478-479;Bush and Scowcroft,A World Transformed,141-143;Beschloss and Talbott,At the Highest Levels,103-104.

25.Gates,From the Shadows,503;Bush and Scowcroft,A World Transformed,142-143;Colton,Yeltsin,172.

26."Luncheon with President Mikhail Gorbachev of the USSR,"July30,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Memcons and Telcons,http://bushlibrary.tamu.edu/research/pdfs/memcons_telcons/1991-07-30-Gorbachev%20[2].pdf.

27."Memorandum of Conversation.Meeting with Boris Yeltsin,President of the Republic of Russia,"July30,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Memcons and Telcons,http://bushlibrary.tamu.edu/research/pdfs/memcons_telcons/1991-07-30--Yeltsin.pdf;"The White House Office of the Press Secretary.Remarksof President Bush and President Yeltsin in Press Availability,"July30,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Presidential Records,National Security Council,Nicholas R.Burns and Ed A.Hewett Series:POTUS Meetings,March1991-July1991:Moscow Summit,July1991,no.1.28.Beschloss and Talbott,At the Highest Levels,412-413;"Points to Be Made for Meeting with President Yeltsin,"Bush Presidential Library,Presidential Records,National Security Council,Nicholas R.Burns Series,Subject Files:POTUS Trip to Moscow and Kiev,July27-August1,1991,no.1;G.Alimov,"Ukaz o departizatsii nachnet deistvovat's4avgusta.Bush-Yeltsin-Gorbachev,"Argumenty i fakty,no.30(August30,1991):7;Jessica Lee,"Pool Report no.10.President Bush Visits Boris Yeltsin and Stops at Tsereteli Studio,"Moscow,USSR,Tuesday,July30,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Presidential Records,National Security Council,Nicholas R.Burns Series,Subject Files:Moscow Summit-Press Releases,Fact Sheets,Remarks,no.2.

29.Bush and Scowcroft,A World Transformed,509;Alimov,"Ukaz o departizatsii,"7.