软弱的基辅演讲

1."Nuclear Weapon Effects from Hiroshima to Nagasaki to the Present and Beyond:A BroadGauged Analysis with New Information Regarding Simultaneous Detonations and Firestorms,"Nukefix,http://www.nukefix.org/weapon.html.

2.Jack Matlock,Autopsy on an Empire:The American Ambassador's Account of the Collapse of the Soviet Union(New York,1994),464-465;Michael R.Beschloss and Strobe Talbott,At the Highest Levels:The Inside Story of the End of the Cold War(Boston,1993),408-410.

3.Sergei Solodkin,"Glavredu udalos'razdobyt'v Londone sensatsionnye zapisi besed Mikhaila Sergeevicha s inostrannymi politikami,"Glavred,October5,2009,http://www.glavred.info/archive/2009/10/05/163604-3.html.

4."Russians Divided over Baltics'Independence,"April12,1991,USIA Research Memorandum,National Archives and Records Administration,RG306,box49,M52-91.

5.George Bush and Brent Scowcroft,A World Transformed(New York,1998),512;"Implications of Alternative Soviet Futures,"National Intelligence Estimate,NIE11-18-91(June1991),http://www.foia.cia.gov/docs/DOC_0000265647/DOC_0000265647.pdf;Matlock,Autopsy on an Empire,565-566.

6.2012年6月15日，作者在哈佛大学采访尼古拉斯·伯恩斯；Beschloss and Talbott,At the Highest Levels,414-415;Handwritten Notes on the Killing of Lithuanian Border Guards Passed by Brent Scowcroft to James Baker on July31,1991,James A.Baker Papers,box110,folder5;Bush and Scowcroft,A World Transformed,513-514;Mikhail Gorbachev,Memoirs(New York,1995),623.

7."Richard Nixon/Frank Gannon Interviews,"May13,1983,Day5,Tape1,00:01:59,http://www.libs.uga.edu/media/collections/nixon/nixonday5.html;Conrad Black,Richard M.Nixon:A Life in Full(New York,2008),814.

8.Von Hardesty and Bob Schieffer,Air Force One:The Aircraft That Shaped the Modern Presidency(New York,2005),127-154;Bush and Scowcroft,A World Transformed,515;Beschloss and Talbott,At the Highest Levels,415-416.

9.Matlock,Autopsy on an Empire,567;Beschloss and Talbott,At the Highest Levels,416;"Remarks to the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of the Ukraine in Kiev,Soviet Union,"August1,1991,http://bushlibrary.tamu.edu/research/public_papers.php?id=3267&year=1991&month=8.

10.Gibbons,"Pre Advance Pool Report,Moscow Summit,July29-August1,1991,July25,1991";Susan Page,"Pool Report,Pool H,"Bush Presidential Library,Presidential Records,National Security Council,Nicholas R.Burns Series,Subject Files:Moscow Summit-Press Releases,Fact Sheets,Remarks,no.1;Matlock,Autopsy on an Empire,567.

11.Volodymyr Lytvyn,Politychna arena Ukrainy:diiovi osoby ta vykonavtsi(Kyiv,1994);Ukraina:politychna istoriia XX-pochatok XXI stolittia,ed.Volodymyr Lytvyn et al.(Kyiv,2007),875-947;Lina Kushnir,"Valentyna Shevchenko:Provesty demonstratsiiu1travnia1986-ho nakazalyz Moskvy,"Ukrains'ka pravda,April25,2011,http://www.istpravda.com.ua/articles/4db5d3966b581/view_comments/.

12.Page,"Pool Report,Pool H."

13."Leonid Makarovich Kravchuk,"The Trip of President Bush to Moscow and Kiev,July30-August1,1991;author's interview with Leonid Kravchuk,Kyiv,September1,2011,http://www.istpravda.com.ua/articles/2011/09/10/53558/view_print;Vahtang Kipiani and Volodymyr Fedoryn,"Kravchuk:'Shcherbyts'kyi skazav:Kakoi durak pridumal slovo perestroika?'"Ukrains’ka pravda,September13,2011;Valentyn Chemerys,Prezydent.Roman-ese(Kyiv,1994);David Remnick,"Ukraine Split on Independence as Republic Awaits BushVisit,"Washington Post,August1,1991.14."Remarks at the Arrival Ceremony in Kiev,Soviet Union,"August1,1991,http://bushlibrary.tamu.edu/research/public_papers.php?id=3265&year=1991&month=8;Matlock,Autopsy on an Empire,568.

15.Bush and Scowcroft,A World Transformed,510-511;Matlock,Autopsy on an Empire,569;

Anatolii Cherniaev,Sovmestnyi iskhod.Dnevnik dvukh?pokh,1972-1991gody(Moscow,2008),957-958;Chrystyna N.Lapychak,"Bush Notes Importance of Republics in Historic Trip to Ukrainian Capital,"Ukrainian Weekly,August4,1991,1;Page,"Pool Report,Pool H";George H.W.Bush,"Remarks to the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of the Ukraine in Kiev,Soviet Union,"August1,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Public Papers;Beschloss and Talbott,At the Highest Levels,417.

16.2011年9月1日，作者在基辅采访列昂尼德·克拉夫丘克；Kipiani and Fedoryn,"Kravchuk:'Shcherbyts'kyi skazav.’”

17.Ivan Drach,"My vitaiemo Dzhordzha Busha-iak prezydenta SShA i ne pryimaiemo ioho iak moskovs'koho ahitatora,"in Polityka:statti,dopovidi,vystupy,interv'iu(Kyiv,1997),324-327.Cf."Rukh Chairman Ivan Drach's Remarks to President Bush,"Ukrainian Weekly,August11,1991,3.18.2011年9月1日，作者在基辅采访列昂尼德·克拉夫丘克。

19."Points to Be Made for Meeting with the Ukrainian Chairman Leonid Kravchuk,"Bush Presidential Library,Presidential Records,National Security Council,Nicholas R.Burns Files,Subject Files:POTUS Trip to Moscow and Kiev,July27-August1,1991,no.3.

20."Memorandum of Conversation.Meeting with Ukrainian Supreme Soviet Chairman Leonid Kravchuk,"August1,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Memcons and Telcons,http://bushlibrary.tamu.edu/research/pdfs/memcons_telcons/1991-08-01--Kravchuk.pdf;"Proposals of the Ukrainian SSR for Possible Directions of Trade-and-Economic Cooperation Between the Ukrainian SSR and USA,"Bush Presidential Library,Presidential Records,National Security Council,Nicholas R.Burns and Ed Hewett Files:POTUS Meetings,March1991-July1991:Moscow Summit,July1991,no.1.

21.For a survey of Ukrainian history,see Paul Robert Magocsi,A History of Ukraine,2nd ed.(Toronto,2010).On Ukraine's road to independence,see Bohdan Nahaylo and Victor Swoboda,Soviet Disunion:A History of the Nationalities Problem in the USSR(New York,1990);Bohdan Nahaylo,The Ukrainian Resurgence(Toronto,1999).

22.George H.W.Bush,"Remarks to the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of the Ukraine in Kiev,Soviet Union,"August1,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Public Papers.Cf.Richard Nixon,"Toast at a Dinner in Kiev,"May29,1972,The American Presidency Project,http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=3440#axzz1Q0nAP09C;author's interview with Nicholas Burns,Harvard University,June15,2012.

23.Bush,"Remarks to the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of the Ukraine in Kiev,Soviet Union,"August1,1991.

24.2012年6月15日，作者在哈佛大学采访尼古拉斯·伯恩斯。

25.George H.W.Bush,"Remarks to the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of the Ukraine in Kiev,Soviet Union,"August1,1991,http://bushlibrary.tamu.edu/research/public_papers.php?id=3267&year=1991&month=8.

26.Ukrainian Weekly,August11,1991.

27."The Moscow Coup,"Washington Post,August20,1991;William Safire,"After the Fall,"New York Times,August29,1991;William Safire,"Bush at the UN,"New York Times,September16,1991;William Safire,"Putin's'Chicken Kiev,'"New York Times,December6,2004;"Bush Sr.Clarifies'Chicken Kiev’Speech,"Washington Times,May23,2004;Bush and Scowcroft,A World Transformed,15-16;Matlock,Autopsy on an Empire,570-571,798.

28.Ann McFeatters,"Pool Report No.21.Pool from the Supreme Soviet Session to St.Sophia to Babii Yar.Kiev,USSR,August1,1991,"Bush Presidential Library,Presidential Records,National Security Council,Nicholas R.Burns Series,Subject Files:Moscow Summit-Press Releases,Fact Sheets,Remarks,no.1.

29.Anatolii Kuznetsov,Babii Iar:A Document in the Form of a Novel,trans.David Floyd(London,1970);Victoria Khiterer,"Babi Yar:The Tragedy of Kiev's Jews,"Brandeis Graduate Journal2(2004):1-16.

30.Gibbons,"Pre Advance Pool Report,Moscow Summit,July25,1991";Bush and Scowcroft,A World Transformed,516-517;George Bush,"Remarks at the Babi Yar Memorial in Kiev,Soviet Union,"August1,1991,Bush Presidential Library,Public Papers,http://bushlibrary.tamu.edu/research/public_papers.php?id=3268&year=1991&month=8;interview with Leonid Kravchuk in Rozpad Radians'koho Soiuzu.Usna istoriia nezalezhnoi Ukrainy1988-91,tape9.

31.Oleksandr Burakovs'kyi,Rada natsionalnostei Narodnoho rukhu Ukrainy(1989-1993)(Edmonton,1995);Oleksandr Burakovs'kyi,"Rukh,ievrei,Ukraina.Rozdumy inorodtsia,"Kyiv,nos.1-2(1997):93-125;interview with Yaakov Bleich in Rozpad Radians'koho Soiuzu.Usna istoriia nezalezhnoi Ukrainy1988-91,tape2,http://oralhistory.org.ua/interview-ua/470/.

32.Beschloss and Talbott,At the Highest Levels,417;"Gennadiy Ivanovich Yanayev,"The Trip of President Bush to Moscow and Kiev,July30-August1,1991.

33.Matlock,Autopsy on an Empire,571;Bush and Scowcroft,A World Transformed,517.