道德罪过和公民责任

1 Karl Jaspers，The Question of German Guilt，New York: Capricorn Book，1947，p. 61.

2 Ibid.，p. 31.

3 Ibid.，p. 56.

4 Ibid.，p. 55.

5 Ibid.，p. 61.

6 Ibid.，p. 78.

7 Ibid.，p. 62.

8 Ibid.

9 Ibid.，p. 63.

10 Ibid.，p. 66.

11 Ibid.，p. 67.

12 Ibid.，p. 68.

13 Ibid.，p. 68.

14 Ibid.，p. 69.

15 Ibid.，p. 69.

16 Ibid.，p. 70.

17 Ibid.，p. 71.

18 Ibid.，pp. 71-72.

19 Ian Buruma，The Wages of Guilt: Memories of War in Germany and Japan，New York: Meridian，1994，p. 116.转引自Ruth Benedict，The Chrysanthemum and the Sword: Patterns of Japanese Culture，London: Routledge and Kegan Paul，[1946] 1967。

20 Karl Jaspers，The Question of German Guilt，p. 72.

21 Paul Ricoeur，The Symbolism of Evil，Boston: Beacon Press，1967，pp. 100-101.

22 A. Rabinbach，“The Germans as Pariah: Karl Jaspers and the Question of German Guilt，”Radical Philosophy75，1996: 15-25，p. 20.

23 M. Humphrey，“From Terro to Trauma: Commissioning Truth for National Reconciliation，”Social Identities6/1，2000: 7-27，p. 15.

24 Andrew Schaap，“Guilty Subjects and Political Responsibility: Arendt，Jaspers and the Resonance of the‘German Guilt Question’in Politics of Reconciliation，”Political Studies49，2001: 749-766，p. 762.

25 Hannah Arendt，Between Past and Future: Eight Exercises in Political Thought, Harmondsworth: Penguin，1977，p. 151.

26 Andrew Schaap，“Guilty Subjects and Political Responsibility，”pp. 757-758.

27 Hannah Arendt，“Collective Responsibility，”in J. Bernauer，ed.，Amor Mundi: Explorations in the Faith and Thought of Hannah Arendt，Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff，1987，pp. 43-44.

28 Hannah Arendt，Eichmann in Jerusalum: A Report on the Banality of Evil，New York: Penguin Books，1977，p. 251.

29 Hannah Arendt，The Human Condition，2nd edition，Chicago，I.L.: University of Chicago Press，p. 50.

30 Hannah Arendt，On Revolution. Moskva: Evropa，2011，p. 85.

31 Ibid.，pp. 98-109.

32 “斯德哥尔摩综合征”（Stockholm Syndrom）：1973年，四位人质在瑞典的斯德哥尔摩被劫持。六天以后，当他们可以获得自由的时侯，他们坚决拒绝营救。在劫持犯受审时，他们不仅拒绝作证，而且还为劫持者的行为辩护。有报道说，被劫持者中有一位后来甚至和服刑的劫持犯中的一个订了婚。

33 Hannah Arendt，Eichmann in Jerusalum，p. 251.

34 Karl Jaspers，The Question of German Guilt，p. 77.